Beneath the veneer of flashing lights and free cocktails, casinos are engineered mathematically to slowly bleed their patrons of cash. For years mathematically inclined minds have tried to turn the tables on this rigged system by applying their knowledge of probability and game theory. This is reflected in the many books on the subject, including Ben Mezrich’s Busting Vegas, which recounts the story of MIT physicists who beat the Monte Carlo casino out of $1 million.
Table games, like poker and baccarat, are a classic casino activity. They usually require a group of players to sit around a table that is designed specifically for the particular game. A croupier or dealer then enables the game and manages payments. A successful bet pays out according to the odds set at the table.
Unlike slot machines, most table games have a skill element, which can be exploited through strategies such as card counting. However, in many cases the house edge is simply too large to make a profit even with optimal play. To combat this, some casinos have implemented technological solutions. For example, some roulette wheels have built-in microcircuitry that interacts with electronic systems to oversee the exact amounts wagered minute-by-minute, and alerts the casino immediately of any statistical deviation from their expected results.
Another common casino technology is the payment method bonus, which gives a player additional money to start gambling with. This is a popular incentive for new players and is typically offered as a percentage of the player’s initial deposit amount. This bonus money can only be used to place wagers and cannot be withdrawn.